Mangoes are known for their delicious, juicy flavor and their vibrant color, making them a favorite fruit for many. However, like many fruits, mangoes can cause allergic reactions in some individuals.
This might come as a surprise to many mango lovers, but it’s a reality for some. So, what is it about mangoes that can trigger an allergic response, and who is at risk? So Lykkers, let’s dive into the facts.
What Causes Mango Allergies?
1. Urushiol in Mango Skin
The primary cause of mango allergies is a substance called urushiol, a compound found in the skin of the mango fruit, leaves, and the sap. Urushiol is also present in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. When someone allergic to urushiol comes into contact with the mango peel, they may develop contact dermatitis, an itchy, red rash that can range from mild to severe.
2. Cross-Reactivity with Other Allergens
Mango allergies can also occur due to cross-reactivity with other allergens. This happens when the immune system mistakes proteins in mango for similar proteins found in other allergens like birch pollen or latex. This condition, known as Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS), often causes itching or swelling in the mouth, lips, or throat after consuming mango.
Symptoms of Mango Allergy
1. Skin Reactions
If you’re allergic to mango skin, you may experience contact dermatitis. Symptoms include redness, itching, swelling, or blistering of the skin, especially around the mouth, lips, or hands. This reaction typically occurs a few hours to a couple of days after exposure.
2. Oral Symptoms
Individuals with Oral Allergy Syndrome may experience itching, tingling, or swelling of the lips, tongue, mouth, or throat soon after consuming mango. In some cases, this may be accompanied by a scratchy throat or a mild cough.
3. Gastrointestinal Symptoms
In rare cases, consuming mango may cause gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach pain. These symptoms are usually more severe in individuals with a more pronounced allergy.
4. Respiratory Symptoms
For those with more severe allergies, respiratory symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, coughing, or wheezing can occur. In extreme cases, anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention, may happen.
Who Is at Risk?
1. Individuals Allergic to Poison Ivy or Latex
If you have a known allergy to poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, or latex, you may be more prone to developing an allergy to mango. This is due to the presence of urushiol in the mango skin, which shares similar properties to the allergens found in these plants.
2. People with Pollen Allergies
Those who are allergic to certain types of pollen, such as birch pollen, may also be at risk due to cross-reactivity. Your immune system may mistakenly identify mango proteins as similar to pollen proteins, triggering an allergic response.
How to Manage Mango Allergies
1. Avoid Contact with Mango Skin
If you suspect you have an allergy to mango skin, avoid direct contact with it. Wearing gloves while handling or peeling mangoes and washing your hands thoroughly afterward can help prevent a reaction. Alternatively, ask someone else to peel the mango for you.
2. Eat Mango in Moderation
If you experience mild symptoms like itching or swelling after eating mango, try limiting your consumption or avoiding it altogether. In some cases, individuals may tolerate small amounts without a problem, but larger quantities may trigger a reaction.
3. Use Antihistamines or Corticosteroids
For mild allergic reactions, over-the-counter antihistamines can help alleviate symptoms like itching, swelling, or redness. In cases of contact dermatitis, corticosteroid creams may also be prescribed by a healthcare provider.
4. Seek Medical Attention for Severe Reactions
If you experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or signs of anaphylaxis, seek immediate medical attention. Carrying an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) is advisable for those with known severe allergies.
Can You Still Enjoy Mangoes?
1. Try Processed Mango Products
In some cases, people allergic to raw mango may tolerate processed mango products like dried mango, mango juice, or canned mangoes. Heat processing can alter the proteins that cause allergies, reducing the risk of a reaction. However, always consult with a healthcare provider before trying processed mango products.
2. Opt for Mango Varieties with Low Allergen Content
Different varieties of mangoes may contain varying levels of urushiol and other allergens. If you’re allergic, try experimenting with different types to find one that may not trigger your symptoms.
While mango allergies are not very common, they can occur due to contact with urushiol in the skin, cross-reactivity with other allergens, or specific individual sensitivities. Symptoms can range from mild skin reactions to more severe allergic responses. If you suspect you have a mango allergy, it’s important to take appropriate precautions and consult with a healthcare provider to manage your symptoms effectively. With the right approach, you may still be able to enjoy this delicious fruit safely.
